# What does my titration give?

Works out the unknown concentration of an analyte from a titration (titrant molarity, titrant volume at the end point, sample volume and the mole ratio), or the titrant volume needed to reach the equivalence point.

- Page: https://www.acalculator.org/chemistry/titration-calculator
- JSON spec: https://www.acalculator.org/chemistry/titration-calculator.json
- Version: 5d86ff5df758

## Default answer

Example with the default inputs (Find Analyte molarity, Titrant molarity, mol/L 0.25, Titrant volume used 35.23 mL, Analyte volume 50 mL, Analyte coefficient 1, Titrant coefficient 1): The answer is 0.17615 mol/L.

## Inputs

| Key | Label | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| find | Find | The analyte concentration from a finished titration, or the titrant volume to the equivalence point. |
| Ct | Titrant molarity, mol/L | The known concentration of the titrant in the buret (for example 0.250 M NaOH). |
| Vt | Titrant volume used | The titrant volume added to reach the end point. |
| Va | Analyte volume | The volume of the sample in the flask. |
| Ca | Analyte molarity, mol/L | The analyte concentration, if you know or expect it. |
| a | Analyte coefficient | The analyte’s coefficient in the balanced equation (1 for HCl + NaOH). |
| t | Titrant coefficient | The titrant’s coefficient in the balanced equation (2 for H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH). |

## Outputs

| Key | Label | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| result | Answer | The analyte molarity or the titrant volume, to 6 significant figures. |
| analyteM | Analyte molarity (mol/L) | The analyte concentration. |
| titrantML | Titrant volume (mL) | The titrant volume at the equivalence point. |
| titrantMol | Titrant (mol) | Moles of titrant added: molarity × volume. |
| analyteMol | Analyte (mol) | Moles of analyte: titrant moles × a ÷ t. |

## Method

n_titrant = C_titrant × V_titrant; n_analyte = n_titrant × a ÷ t; C_analyte = n_analyte ÷ V_analyte. For the volume: V_titrant = C_analyte × V_analyte × t ÷ (a × C_titrant).

## Assumptions

- The end point you saw is the equivalence point, where analyte and titrant have reacted exactly in the ratio of the balanced equation.
- a and t are the coefficients of the analyte and the titrant in the balanced equation.

## Worked examples

1. find = analyte, Ct = 0.25, Vt = 0.000035, Va = 0.00005, a = 1, t = 1 gives Ca = 0.17615, result = 0.17615 mol/L. Source: OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, §4.5 Quantitative Chemical Analysis (titration: moles from molarity × volume and the mole ratio of the balanced equation), https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/4-5-quantitative-chemical-analysis, Example 4.14 Titration Analysis: 0.176 M HCl.
2. find = analyte, Ct = 0.09113, Vt = 0.000023, Va = 0.00002, a = 5, t = 2 gives Ca = 0.264733. Source: OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, §4.5 Quantitative Chemical Analysis (titration: moles from molarity × volume and the mole ratio of the balanced equation), https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/4-5-quantitative-chemical-analysis, Check Your Learning after Example 4.14 (the book prints 0.2648 M).
3. find = volume, Ct = 0.1, Va = 0.000025, Ca = 0.1, a = 1, t = 2 gives titrantML = 50, analyteMol = 0.0025. Source: OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, §4.5 Quantitative Chemical Analysis (titration: moles from molarity × volume and the mole ratio of the balanced equation), https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/4-5-quantitative-chemical-analysis.

## FAQ

### How do I calculate concentration from a titration?

Moles of titrant = molarity × liters used. Convert to moles of analyte with the mole ratio from the balanced equation, then divide by the sample volume in liters. For HCl and NaOH (1:1), 35.23 mL of 0.250 M NaOH in a 50.00 mL sample gives 0.176 M HCl.

### What is the equivalence point?

The point where the titrant added has reacted exactly with all the analyte, in the ratio of the balanced equation. An indicator color change or a pH jump (the end point) shows when you reach it.

### What if the mole ratio is not 1:1?

Set the coefficients under More options. For H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH, the acid’s coefficient is 1 and the base’s is 2, so each mole of NaOH neutralizes half a mole of acid.

### Can I use M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ for a titration?

Only when the mole ratio is 1:1. In general, a × C_titrant × V_titrant = t × C_analyte × V_analyte, where a and t are the coefficients of the analyte and the titrant.

### How much titrant will I need?

Pick Titrant volume and type your expected analyte molarity. 25.00 mL of 0.100 M H₂SO₄ needs 50.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH, because each mole of acid takes two moles of base.

### Does the volume unit matter?

No. Type mL, L or fluid ounces; the page converts to liters. Molarity is moles per liter of solution.

## Sources

- OpenStax, Chemistry 2e, section 4.5 Quantitative Chemical Analysis: titration, equivalence point, Example 4.14 and its Check Your Learning. CC BY 4.0, retrieved 2026-10-03. https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/4-5-quantitative-chemical-analysis
- NIST Special Publication 811, Appendix B.8: 1 US fluid ounce = 2.957353 × 10⁻⁵ m³ (1/128 of 3.785411784 L). Retrieved 2026-10-03. https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811/nist-guide-si-appendix-b-conversion-factors/nist-guide-si-appendix-b8