{
  "id": "usd-to-cad",
  "version": "d29a7381134d",
  "status": "published",
  "name": "USD to CAD Converter",
  "question": "USD to CAD converter",
  "summary": "Converts US dollar (USD) to Canadian dollar (CAD) and back at the ECB euro reference rates of 28 September 2026, or at your own rate.",
  "category": "convert",
  "subcategory": "currency",
  "url": "https://www.acalculator.org/convert/usd-to-cad",
  "markdown": "https://www.acalculator.org/convert/usd-to-cad.md",
  "kind": "formulas",
  "method": "CAD = USD × rate. The ECB rate is a cross rate: (CAD per euro) ÷ (USD per euro), to 6 significant figures.",
  "assumptions": [
    "The default rate, 1 USD = 1.41659 CAD, is worked out by this site from the ECB euro reference rates of 28 September 2026: 1.6118 CAD per euro ÷ 1.1378 USD per euro, rounded to 6 significant figures. The ECB does not publish rates between two non-euro currencies.",
    "The ECB publishes its reference rates for information purposes only, not for transactions. Banks and cards add a margin or a fee; type their rate to see what you would get.",
    "Amounts are rounded to 2 decimal places, without trailing zeros (24.4 means 24.40), and rates show up to 7 significant figures; the calculation keeps full precision."
  ],
  "inputs": {
    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
      "amount": {
        "title": "US dollar (USD)",
        "description": "The amount in USD.",
        "type": "number",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 1000000000000
      },
      "result": {
        "title": "Canadian dollar (CAD)",
        "description": "The same amount in CAD.",
        "type": "number",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 1e+21
      },
      "rate": {
        "title": "Rate: CAD per 1 USD",
        "description": "How many CAD one USD buys. It starts at the ECB rate of 28 September 2026; type your bank's rate to use it.",
        "type": "number",
        "minimum": 1e-9,
        "maximum": 1000000000
      }
    }
  },
  "solve": {
    "fillAny": 2,
    "variables": [
      "amount",
      "result",
      "rate"
    ],
    "inputsOnly": []
  },
  "outputs": {
    "amount": {
      "label": "US dollar (USD)",
      "description": "The amount in USD.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "result": {
      "label": "Canadian dollar (CAD)",
      "description": "The amount in CAD.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "rate": {
      "label": "Rate: CAD per 1 USD",
      "description": "How many CAD one USD buys in this answer.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "inverse": {
      "label": "Inverse: USD per 1 CAD",
      "description": "How many USD one CAD buys.",
      "format": "number"
    }
  },
  "defaultAnswer": {
    "inputs": {
      "amount": 1,
      "rate": 1.41659
    },
    "outputs": {
      "result": 1.41659,
      "inverse": 0.7059205557006615
    },
    "text": "1 USD = 1.42 CAD, at 1 USD = 1.41659 CAD. The ECB reference rates of 28 September 2026 give 1 USD = 1.41659 CAD."
  },
  "examples": [
    {
      "given": {
        "amount": 100,
        "rate": 1.417
      },
      "expect": {
        "result": 141.70000000000002
      },
      "source": "hand calculation: amount × rate, at the ECB rate of 28 September 2026 for USD to CAD (1.41659) rounded to 4 significant figures"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "result": 100,
        "rate": 1.417
      },
      "expect": {
        "amount": 70.57163020465772
      },
      "source": "hand calculation: amount × rate, at the ECB rate of 28 September 2026 for USD to CAD (1.41659) rounded to 4 significant figures"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "amount": 100,
        "result": 141.70000000000002
      },
      "expect": {
        "rate": 1.417
      },
      "source": "hand calculation: rate = result ÷ amount"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    "European Central Bank, euro foreign exchange reference rates of 28 September 2026. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/eurofxref/eurofxref-daily.xml",
    "European Central Bank, \"Euro foreign exchange reference rates\": published at about 16:00 CET on TARGET working days, for information purposes only. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html",
    "European Central Bank, disclaimer and copyright: free reuse with the ECB cited as the source; changes to the data must be stated. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/services/using-our-site/disclaimer/html/index.en.html"
  ],
  "related": [
    "currency",
    "euro-to-cad"
  ],
  "changelog": []
}