{
  "id": "debt-to-income-ratio",
  "version": "43b5551eafa8",
  "status": "published",
  "name": "Debt to Income Ratio Calculator",
  "question": "What is my DTI ratio?",
  "summary": "Computes the debt-to-income ratio (monthly debt payments ÷ gross monthly income) and the housing ratio, or the income or payment that gives a target ratio.",
  "category": "finance",
  "subcategory": "loans",
  "url": "https://www.acalculator.org/finance/debt-to-income-ratio-calculator",
  "markdown": "https://www.acalculator.org/finance/debt-to-income-ratio-calculator.md",
  "kind": "formulas",
  "method": "DTI = (housing payment + other monthly debt payments) ÷ gross monthly income × 100; housing ratio = housing payment ÷ gross monthly income × 100.",
  "assumptions": [
    "All amounts are per month. Income is gross: before tax and deductions.",
    "Debt payments are the required monthly payments (minimum credit card payments, not balances). Living costs such as food, utilities and phone bills are not debts.",
    "The bands are Fannie Mae’s maximum total ratios for a conventional mortgage (36% manually underwritten, up to 45% with credit score and reserve requirements, 50% through Desktop Underwriter). Other lenders and loan types use other limits."
  ],
  "inputs": {
    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
      "housing": {
        "title": "Housing payment a month",
        "description": "Monthly rent, or the mortgage payment with property tax, home insurance and HOA dues.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100000000
      },
      "other": {
        "title": "Other debt payments a month",
        "description": "Other monthly debt payments: car loans, student loans, minimum credit card payments, personal loans, child support.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100000000
      },
      "income": {
        "title": "Gross monthly income",
        "description": "Income for a month before tax and deductions.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "exclusiveMinimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100000000
      },
      "dti": {
        "title": "Debt-to-income ratio",
        "description": "All monthly debt payments as a percent of gross monthly income.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "exclusiveMinimum": 0,
        "maximum": 1000
      }
    }
  },
  "solve": {
    "fillAny": 3,
    "variables": [
      "housing",
      "other",
      "income",
      "dti"
    ],
    "inputsOnly": []
  },
  "outputs": {
    "housing": {
      "label": "Housing payment a month",
      "description": "Monthly rent, or the mortgage payment with property tax, home insurance and HOA dues.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "other": {
      "label": "Other debt payments a month",
      "description": "Other monthly debt payments: car loans, student loans, minimum credit card payments, personal loans, child support.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "income": {
      "label": "Gross monthly income",
      "description": "Income for a month before tax and deductions.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "dti": {
      "label": "Your debt-to-income ratio",
      "description": "All monthly debt payments as a percent of gross monthly income.",
      "format": "percent"
    },
    "front": {
      "label": "Housing ratio (front-end)",
      "description": "The housing payment as a percent of gross monthly income.",
      "format": "percent"
    },
    "debts": {
      "label": "All debt payments a month",
      "description": "The housing payment plus the other debt payments.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "room36": {
      "label": "Room left at 36%",
      "description": "How much more a month of debt payments keeps the ratio at 36%: 0.36 × income − debt payments.",
      "format": "money"
    }
  },
  "defaultAnswer": {
    "inputs": {
      "housing": 1800,
      "other": 450,
      "income": 6500
    },
    "outputs": {
      "dti": 34.61538461538461,
      "front": 27.692307692307693,
      "debts": 2250,
      "room36": 90
    },
    "text": "Debt payments of $2,250.00 a month on a gross monthly income of $6,500.00 give a debt-to-income ratio of 34.6%."
  },
  "examples": [
    {
      "given": {
        "housing": 1500,
        "other": 500,
        "income": 6000
      },
      "expect": {
        "dti": 33.33333333333333,
        "front": 25,
        "debts": 2000,
        "room36": 160
      },
      "source": "CFPB, What is a debt-to-income ratio?: $2,000 of monthly debt on $6,000 gross monthly income is a DTI of 33%; hand calculation in content.mdx"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "housing": 2200,
        "other": 1400,
        "income": 8000
      },
      "expect": {
        "dti": 45,
        "front": 27.5,
        "room36": -720
      },
      "source": "hand calculation in content.mdx: 3,600 ÷ 8,000 × 100 = 45%; 0.36 × 8,000 − 3,600 = −720"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "housing": 1200,
        "other": 600,
        "dti": 36
      },
      "expect": {
        "income": 5000
      },
      "source": "hand calculation in content.mdx: income = 1,800 ÷ 0.36 = 5,000"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "other": 700,
        "income": 7500,
        "dti": 43
      },
      "expect": {
        "housing": 2525
      },
      "source": "hand calculation in content.mdx: housing = 0.43 × 7,500 − 700 = 3,225 − 700 = 2,525"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "housing": 1500,
        "income": 6000,
        "dti": 40
      },
      "expect": {
        "other": 900
      },
      "source": "hand calculation in content.mdx: other = 0.40 × 6,000 − 1,500 = 900"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    "Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, What is a debt-to-income ratio? (all monthly debt payments divided by gross monthly income; $2,000 of payments on $6,000 of income is 33%). https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/what-is-a-debt-to-income-ratio-en-1791/",
    "Fannie Mae Selling Guide B3-6-05, Monthly Debt Obligations (published 2026-08-05): housing expense, installment debt, revolving minimum payments, lease payments, alimony and child support. https://selling-guide.fanniemae.com/sel/b3-6-05/monthly-debt-obligations",
    "Fannie Mae Selling Guide B3-6-02, Debt-to-Income Ratios (published 2025-04-02): maximum total DTI 36% for manually underwritten loans, up to 45% with credit score and reserve requirements, 50% for Desktop Underwriter. https://selling-guide.fanniemae.com/sel/b3-6-02/debt-income-ratios"
  ],
  "related": [
    "gross-income",
    "car-affordability",
    "auto-loan"
  ],
  "changelog": []
}