{
  "id": "net-price",
  "version": "4a075462f563",
  "status": "published",
  "name": "Net Price Calculator",
  "question": "What is my net price?",
  "summary": "Computes the net price after one or more discounts off a list price, with the single equivalent discount, or a college’s net price: the cost of attendance minus grants and scholarships.",
  "category": "finance",
  "subcategory": "business",
  "url": "https://www.acalculator.org/finance/net-price-calculator",
  "markdown": "https://www.acalculator.org/finance/net-price-calculator.md",
  "kind": "function",
  "method": "Discounts: net = list × (1 − d₁) × (1 − d₂) × …; single equivalent discount = 1 − (1 − d₁)(1 − d₂)…. College: net price = tuition + housing + books + transportation + other − grants and scholarships.",
  "assumptions": [
    "Each discount comes off the price left after the ones before it (a chain or series of discounts).",
    "College net price counts gift aid only; loans and work-study do not lower it, because they are repaid or earned.",
    "Over several years the yearly cost and aid stay the same."
  ],
  "inputs": {
    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
      "mode": {
        "title": "Net price of",
        "description": "A price after discounts, or a year of college after grants and scholarships.",
        "type": "string",
        "enum": [
          "discount",
          "college"
        ]
      },
      "list": {
        "title": "List price",
        "description": "The price before any discount.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 1000000000000
      },
      "d1": {
        "title": "Discount 1",
        "description": "A discount off the price left after the discounts above it, in percent.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100
      },
      "d2": {
        "title": "Discount 2",
        "description": "A discount off the price left after the discounts above it, in percent.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100
      },
      "d3": {
        "title": "Discount 3",
        "description": "A discount off the price left after the discounts above it, in percent.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100
      },
      "d4": {
        "title": "Discount 4",
        "description": "A discount off the price left after the discounts above it, in percent.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100
      },
      "tuition": {
        "title": "Tuition and fees",
        "description": "Published tuition and required fees for one year.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "housing": {
        "title": "Housing and food",
        "description": "Room and board for one year, on or off campus.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "books": {
        "title": "Books and supplies",
        "description": "Books, supplies and course materials for one year.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "travel": {
        "title": "Transportation",
        "description": "Travel to and from school for one year.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "other": {
        "title": "Other personal costs",
        "description": "Other living costs for one year.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "aid": {
        "title": "Grants and scholarships",
        "description": "Gift aid you do not repay for one year: Pell and other grants, scholarships. Not loans or work-study.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "USD",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 10000000
      },
      "years": {
        "title": "Years",
        "description": "How many years to add up, at the same yearly cost.",
        "type": "integer",
        "minimum": 1,
        "maximum": 10
      }
    }
  },
  "outputs": {
    "net": {
      "label": "Net price",
      "description": "What is left to pay.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "saved": {
      "label": "Total discount",
      "description": "List price − net price.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "equiv": {
      "label": "Single equivalent discount",
      "description": "1 − (1 − d₁)(1 − d₂)…, as one percent off the list price.",
      "format": "percent"
    },
    "coa": {
      "label": "Cost of attendance",
      "description": "The sum of the yearly costs.",
      "format": "money"
    },
    "total": {
      "label": "Net price for all years",
      "description": "Net price × years.",
      "format": "money"
    }
  },
  "defaultAnswer": {
    "inputs": {
      "mode": "discount",
      "list": 12399,
      "d1": 35,
      "tuition": 11000,
      "housing": 12000,
      "books": 1200,
      "travel": 1500,
      "other": 2300,
      "aid": 9500,
      "years": 4
    },
    "outputs": {
      "net": 8059.35,
      "saved": 4339.65,
      "equiv": 35
    },
    "text": "Your net price is $8,059.35."
  },
  "examples": [
    {
      "given": {
        "mode": "discount",
        "list": 12399,
        "d1": 35,
        "d2": 15,
        "d3": 3,
        "d4": 12
      },
      "expect": {
        "net": 5847.541986,
        "equiv": 52.8386
      },
      "source": "Olivier, Business Math: A Step-by-Step Handbook, §6.1 Figuring Out the Cost: Discounts (Formula 6.3 N = L × (1 − d₁)(1 − d₂)…; Ski-Doo: N = $5,847.54, single equivalent discount 52.84%), https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Mathematics/Business_Math_(Olivier)/06:_Marketing_Applications_(What_Is_It_Going_to_Cost_Me)/6.01:_Figuring_Out_the_Cost_-_Discounts__(How_Much)"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "mode": "discount",
        "list": 80,
        "d1": 20
      },
      "expect": {
        "net": 64,
        "saved": 16,
        "equiv": 20
      },
      "source": "Olivier, Business Math: A Step-by-Step Handbook, §6.1 (Formula 6.1 N = L × (1 − d); a 20% discount means paying 80% of the list price), https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Mathematics/Business_Math_(Olivier)/06:_Marketing_Applications_(What_Is_It_Going_to_Cost_Me)/6.01:_Figuring_Out_the_Cost_-_Discounts__(How_Much); hand calculation in content.mdx: 80 × 0.8 = 64"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "mode": "college",
        "tuition": 11000,
        "housing": 12000,
        "books": 1200,
        "travel": 1500,
        "other": 2300,
        "aid": 9500,
        "years": 4
      },
      "expect": {
        "coa": 28000,
        "net": 18500,
        "total": 74000
      },
      "source": "NCES, Condition of Education, Price of Attending an Undergraduate Institution (net price = total cost of attendance − grant and scholarship aid), https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cua; hand calculation in content.mdx: 28,000 − 9,500 = 18,500; × 4 = 74,000"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    "Olivier, J.-P., Business Math: A Step-by-Step Handbook, §6.1 Figuring Out the Cost: Discounts (Formula 6.1 N = L × (1 − d); Formula 6.3 N = L × (1 − d₁) × (1 − d₂) × (1 − d₃)…; Formula 6.4 d_equiv = 1 − (1 − d₁) × (1 − d₂) × (1 − d₃)…; Ski-Doo example: $12,399 at 35%, 15%, 3% and 12% gives $5,847.54 and 52.84%). https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Mathematics/Business_Math_(Olivier)/06:_Marketing_Applications_(What_Is_It_Going_to_Cost_Me)/6.01:_Figuring_Out_the_Cost_-_Discounts__(How_Much) (retrieved 2026-10-02)",
    "National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), Condition of Education: Price of Attending an Undergraduate Institution (total cost of attendance = tuition and required fees, books and supplies, room, board and other expenses; net price = total cost of attendance − grant and scholarship aid). https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cua (retrieved 2026-10-02)"
  ],
  "related": [
    "discount",
    "sales-tax",
    "student-loan",
    "529"
  ],
  "changelog": []
}