{
  "id": "air-fryer",
  "version": "6fbcd265aad6",
  "status": "published",
  "name": "Air Fryer Calculator",
  "question": "What are my air fryer settings?",
  "summary": "Converts an oven recipe to an air fryer: a lower temperature and a shorter time (25 °F cooler and 20% shorter by default), with the USDA safe internal temperature for the food.",
  "category": "food",
  "subcategory": "cooking",
  "url": "https://www.acalculator.org/food/air-fryer-calculator",
  "markdown": "https://www.acalculator.org/food/air-fryer-calculator.md",
  "kind": "function",
  "method": "Air fryer °F = oven °F − drop (25 °F by default); time = oven time × (1 − cut), with a 20% cut by default. °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9.",
  "assumptions": [
    "An air fryer cooks like a small, strong convection oven, so food cooks faster at a lower setting. The 25 °F and 20% rule is a starting point; air fryers differ, so check early.",
    "Safe internal temperatures are the USDA FSIS minimums, measured with a food thermometer; they do not depend on the appliance."
  ],
  "inputs": {
    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
      "t": {
        "title": "Oven temperature",
        "description": "The oven temperature the recipe gives.",
        "type": [
          "number",
          "string"
        ],
        "x-quantity": "temperature",
        "minimum": 366.483,
        "maximum": 588.706
      },
      "m": {
        "title": "Oven time",
        "description": "The cooking time the recipe gives.",
        "type": [
          "number",
          "string"
        ],
        "x-quantity": "time",
        "minimum": 60,
        "maximum": 86400
      },
      "f": {
        "title": "Food",
        "description": "The food, for its USDA safe minimum internal temperature.",
        "type": "string",
        "enum": [
          "other",
          "poultry",
          "ground",
          "whole",
          "fish",
          "eggs",
          "leftovers"
        ]
      },
      "d": {
        "title": "Lower the heat by, °F",
        "description": "How many degrees Fahrenheit cooler to run the air fryer; 25 °F (about 14 °C) is the usual rule.",
        "type": "number",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 100
      },
      "c": {
        "title": "Shorten the time by",
        "description": "How much shorter to cook; 20% is the usual rule.",
        "type": "number",
        "x-unit": "percent",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 90
      }
    }
  },
  "outputs": {
    "setting": {
      "label": "Air fryer temperature",
      "description": "The oven temperature minus the drop, in °F and °C, to 4 significant figures.",
      "format": "text"
    },
    "minutes": {
      "label": "Air fryer time (minutes)",
      "description": "The oven time less the cut; check the food a few minutes early.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "fahrenheit": {
      "label": "Air fryer (°F)",
      "description": "The setting in °F.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "celsius": {
      "label": "Air fryer (°C)",
      "description": "The setting in °C.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "safe": {
      "label": "Safe internal temperature",
      "description": "The USDA FSIS minimum internal temperature for the food, checked with a food thermometer.",
      "format": "text"
    }
  },
  "defaultAnswer": {
    "inputs": {
      "t": "400 °F",
      "m": "20 min",
      "f": "poultry",
      "d": 25,
      "c": 20
    },
    "outputs": {
      "setting": "375 °F (190.6 °C)",
      "minutes": 16,
      "fahrenheit": 375,
      "celsius": 190.55555555555554,
      "safe": "165 °F (73.89 °C)"
    },
    "text": "Set the air fryer to 375 °F (190.6 °C) for about 16 minutes."
  },
  "examples": [
    {
      "given": {
        "t": 477.59444444444443,
        "m": 1200,
        "f": "poultry",
        "d": 25,
        "c": 20
      },
      "expect": {
        "fahrenheit": 375,
        "celsius": 190.55555555555554,
        "minutes": 16,
        "setting": "375 °F (190.6 °C)",
        "safe": "165 °F (73.89 °C)"
      },
      "source": "USDA FSIS, Air Fryers and Food Safety (air fryers are countertop convection ovens; 350 to 400 °F; safe internal temperatures), https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/air-fryers-and-food-safety (retrieved 2026-10-03); hand calculation in content.mdx: 400 − 25 = 375 °F; 20 × 0.8 = 16 min; poultry 165 °F"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "t": 473.15,
        "m": 1800,
        "f": "whole",
        "d": 25,
        "c": 20
      },
      "expect": {
        "fahrenheit": 367,
        "minutes": 24,
        "safe": "145 °F (62.78 °C), then rest 3 minutes"
      },
      "source": "USDA FSIS, Air Fryers and Food Safety (air fryers are countertop convection ovens; 350 to 400 °F; safe internal temperatures), https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/air-fryers-and-food-safety (retrieved 2026-10-03); hand calculation in content.mdx: 200 °C = 392 °F; 392 − 25 = 367 °F; 30 × 0.8 = 24 min"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    "USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Air Fryers and Food Safety: air fryers are countertop convection ovens; foods generally need 5 to 25 minutes at 350 to 400 °F; safe minimum internal temperatures. Read in a browser; retrieved 2026-10-03. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/air-fryers-and-food-safety",
    "USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Safe Minimum Internal Temperature Chart: poultry 165 °F, ground meats 160 °F, beef, pork, veal and lamb steaks, chops and roasts 145 °F with a 3-minute rest, fish and shellfish 145 °F, eggs 160 °F, leftovers 165 °F. Read in a browser; retrieved 2026-10-03. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart",
    "Wikipedia, Convection oven: a fan oven is usually set lower than a non-fan oven. Retrieved 2026-10-03. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_oven"
  ],
  "related": [
    "recipe-scaler",
    "food-calorie",
    "pizza-dough"
  ],
  "changelog": []
}