{
  "id": "life-expectancy",
  "version": "9015d92900b1",
  "status": "published",
  "name": "Life Expectancy Calculator",
  "question": "What is my life expectancy?",
  "summary": "Looks up the average remaining years of life for an age and sex in the Social Security Administration’s 2023 period life table, and the chance of living to a chosen age.",
  "category": "health",
  "subcategory": "body",
  "url": "https://www.acalculator.org/health/life-expectancy-calculator",
  "markdown": "https://www.acalculator.org/health/life-expectancy-calculator.md",
  "kind": "function",
  "method": "Life expectancy = the SSA table’s period life expectancy for the age and sex; chance of living from age x to age N = (1 − q_x) × (1 − q_{x+1}) × … × (1 − q_{N−1}).",
  "assumptions": [
    "The numbers come from the Social Security Administration’s 2023 period life table, used in the 2026 Trustees Report, for the Social Security area population.",
    "A period life table uses the death rates of one year (2023) for the rest of a life; it does not forecast future improvements, so it is not a personal prediction.",
    "Age is the exact age at the last birthday; the table does not know about health, habits or family history."
  ],
  "inputs": {
    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
      "age": {
        "title": "Age",
        "description": "Age at the last birthday, 0 to 119.",
        "type": "integer",
        "minimum": 0,
        "maximum": 119
      },
      "sex": {
        "title": "Sex",
        "description": "The life table has separate rows for males and females.",
        "type": "string",
        "enum": [
          "male",
          "female"
        ]
      },
      "to": {
        "title": "Chance of living to age",
        "description": "An age to see the chance of reaching, above the current age, up to 120.",
        "type": "integer",
        "minimum": 1,
        "maximum": 120
      }
    }
  },
  "outputs": {
    "remaining": {
      "label": "Life expectancy",
      "description": "The average number of years left at this exact age: the table’s period life expectancy.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "expectedAge": {
      "label": "Average age at death",
      "description": "The current age plus the life expectancy.",
      "format": "number"
    },
    "reach": {
      "label": "Chance of living to that age",
      "description": "The chance of reaching the chosen age: the product of the one-year survival chances (1 − q) from now to then.",
      "format": "percent"
    },
    "thisYear": {
      "label": "Chance of dying within a year",
      "description": "The table’s probability of dying before the next birthday, q.",
      "format": "percent"
    }
  },
  "defaultAnswer": {
    "inputs": {
      "age": 40,
      "sex": "male",
      "to": 90
    },
    "outputs": {
      "remaining": 38.59,
      "expectedAge": 78.59,
      "reach": 20.123924380223002,
      "thisYear": 0.3115
    },
    "text": "At age 40, the SSA 2023 period life table gives 38.59 more years, to about age 78.59."
  },
  "examples": [
    {
      "given": {
        "age": 65,
        "sex": "male",
        "to": 90
      },
      "expect": {
        "remaining": 18.12,
        "expectedAge": 83.12,
        "thisYear": 1.6455000000000002,
        "reach": 24.104557766438237
      },
      "source": "SSA 2023 period life table (2026 Trustees Report): male at 65, life expectancy 18.12, death probability 0.016455; chance of 90 = product of (1 − q) for ages 65 to 89 (Python 3 cross-check in docs/progress/WP-54.md)"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "age": 0,
        "sex": "female",
        "to": 100
      },
      "expect": {
        "remaining": 81.06,
        "expectedAge": 81.06,
        "thisYear": 0.5125000000000001,
        "reach": 2.7581966437609404
      },
      "source": "SSA 2023 period life table (2026 Trustees Report): female at birth, life expectancy 81.06, q 0.005125; chance of 100 = product of (1 − q) for ages 0 to 99 (Python 3 cross-check in docs/progress/WP-54.md)"
    },
    {
      "given": {
        "age": 40,
        "sex": "female"
      },
      "expect": {
        "remaining": 42.64,
        "expectedAge": 82.64,
        "thisYear": 0.1643
      },
      "source": "SSA 2023 period life table (2026 Trustees Report): female at 40, life expectancy 42.64, q 0.001643"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    "Social Security Administration, Office of the Chief Actuary. Actuarial Life Table: 2023 period life table for the Social Security area population, as used in the 2026 Trustees Report. https://www.ssa.gov/oact/STATS/table4c6.html (read on 2026-09-29 from the Internet Archive copy of 2026-09-28: http://web.archive.org/web/20260928232801/https://www.ssa.gov/oact/STATS/table4c6.html)",
    "Social Security Administration. The 2026 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Federal Disability Insurance Trust Funds. https://www.ssa.gov/oact/TR/"
  ],
  "related": [
    "bmi",
    "blood-pressure",
    "heart-rate-zone"
  ],
  "changelog": []
}